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The process of sheet metal processing
工件在折弯，压铆等工序完成后要进行表面处理，不同板材表面的处理方式不同，冷板加工后一般进行表面电镀，电镀完后不进行喷涂处理，采用的是进行磷化处理，磷化处理后要进行喷涂处理。电镀板类表面清洗，脱脂，然后进行喷涂。不锈钢板（有镜面板，雾面板，拉丝板）是在折弯前进行可以进行拉丝处理，不用喷涂，如需喷涂要进行打毛处理；铝板一般采用氧化处理，根据喷涂不同的颜色选择不同的氧化底色，
常用的有黑色和本色氧化；铝板需喷涂的进行铬酸盐氧化处理后喷涂。表面前处理这样做可以使清洁表面，显著提高涂膜附着力，能成倍提高涂膜的耐蚀力。清洗的流程先清洗工件，先将工件挂在流水线上，首先经过清洗溶液中（合金去油粉），然后进入清水中，其次经过喷淋区，再经过烘干区，最后将工件从流水线上取下。
喷涂处理
表面前处理后，进入喷涂工序，在工件要求装配后喷涂时，牙或部分导电孔需保护处理。
保护处理
牙孔可查入软胶棒或拧入螺钉，需导电保护的要用高温胶带贴上，大批量的做定位工装来定位保护，这样喷涂时不会喷到工件内部，在工件外表面能看到的螺母（翻边）孔处用螺钉保护，以免喷涂后工件螺母（翻边）孔处需要回牙。
一些批量大的工件还用到工装保护；
工件不装配喷涂时，不需要喷涂的区域用耐高温胶带和纸片挡住。一些露在外面的螺母孔用螺钉或耐高温橡胶保护。如工件双面喷涂，用同样方法保护螺母（螺柱）孔；小工件用铅丝或曲别针等物品窜在一起后喷涂；一些工件表面要求高，在喷涂前要进行刮灰处理；一些工件在接地符处用专用耐高温贴纸保护。
在进行喷涂时，首先工件挂在流水线上，用气管吹去表面的粘上的灰尘。进入喷涂区喷涂，喷完后顺着流水线进入到烘干区，最后从流水线上取下喷涂好的工件。
还有手工喷涂和自动喷涂两类，这样采用的工装就不同了。
装配工序
在喷涂之后进入装配工序，装配前，要将原来喷涂中用的保护贴纸撕去，确定零件内螺纹孔没有被撒进漆或粉，在整个过程中，要戴上手套，避免手上灰尘附在工件上，有些工件还要用气枪吹干净。
包装环节
装配好之后就进入包装环节了，工件检查后装入专用的包装袋中进行保护，一些没有专用包装的工件用气泡膜等进行包装。在包装前先将气泡膜裁成可以包装工件的大小，以免一面包装一面裁，影响加工速度；批量大的可定做专用纸箱或气泡袋、胶垫、托盘、木箱等。包装好后放入纸箱，然后在纸箱上贴上相应成品或半成品标签。
surface treatment
After the completion of processes such as bending and riveting, the workpiece needs to undergo surface treatment. The treatment method for the surface of different plates is different. After cold plate processing, surface electroplating is generally carried out, and after electroplating, spraying treatment is not carried out. Instead, phosphating treatment is used, and spraying treatment is required after phosphating treatment. Clean and degrease the surface of electroplated plates, and then spray them. Stainless steel plates (including mirror panels, matte panels, and brushed panels) can be brushed before bending, without the need for spraying. If spraying is required, it needs to be roughened; Aluminum plates are generally treated with oxidation, and different oxidation base colors are selected according to the different colors sprayed,
Commonly used are black and natural oxidation; Aluminum plates that need to be sprayed shall be treated with chromate oxidation before spraying. Surface pre-treatment can clean the surface, significantly improve the adhesion of the coating, and exponentially enhance the corrosion resistance of the coating. The cleaning process first cleans the workpiece. The workpiece is hung on the assembly line, first passed through the cleaning solution (alloy degreasing powder), then enters clean water, then passes through the spray area, then passes through the drying area, and finally the workpiece is removed from the assembly line.
Spray coating treatment
After surface pre-treatment, it enters the spraying process. When the workpiece is required to be assembled and sprayed, the teeth or some conductive holes need to be protected.
Protection processing
The tooth hole can be checked by inserting a soft rubber rod or screwing in screws. If conductive protection is needed, high-temperature tape should be applied and a large number of positioning fixtures should be made to position and protect it. This way, during spraying, it will not spray into the interior of the workpiece. The nut (flange) hole visible on the outer surface of the workpiece should be protected with screws to avoid the need for tooth retraction at the nut (flange) hole after spraying.
Some large batches of workpieces also require tooling protection;
When the workpiece is not assembled for spraying, use high-temperature resistant tape and paper to block the areas that do not require spraying. Some exposed nut holes are protected with screws or high-temperature resistant rubber. If the workpiece is sprayed on both sides, use the same method to protect the nut (screw) hole; Small workpieces are sprayed with lead wire or paper clips after being threaded together; Some workpieces have high surface requirements and require scraping treatment before spraying; Some workpieces are protected with special high-temperature resistant stickers at the grounding point.
When spraying, first hang the workpiece on the assembly line and use a gas pipe to blow away the dust on the surface. Enter the spraying area for spraying, and after spraying, follow the assembly line to enter the drying area. Finally, remove the sprayed workpiece from the assembly line.
There are also two types of spraying: manual spraying and automatic spraying, so the tooling used is different.
Assembly process
After spraying, enter the assembly process. Before assembly, the protective stickers used in the original spraying should be peeled off to ensure that the threaded holes in the parts have not been sprayed with paint or powder. Throughout the process, gloves should be worn to avoid dust from hands adhering to the workpiece. Some workpieces also need to be dried with an air gun.
Packaging process
After assembly, it enters the packaging process. After inspection, the workpiece is placed in a dedicated packaging bag for protection. Some workpieces without dedicated packaging are packaged with bubble wrap, etc. Before packaging, cut the bubble film into a size that can be used to package the workpiece, in order to avoid cutting one side at a time and affecting the processing speed; Large quantities can be customized with specialized cardboard boxes or bubble bags, rubber pads, pallets, wooden boxes, etc. After packaging, place it in a cardboard box and label it with the corresponding finished or semi-finished product label.